Reviews & Research

Here are some citations relevant to the treatment materials divided into categories:

  1. Implementation Style includes paper of therapist style, flexibility within fidelity, and features of exposure tasks.

  2. Evaluations of Outcomes include randomized clinical trials, comparisons with medications and other types of treatment, and factors that are associated with differential outcomes.

  3. Follow-up Evaluations are just that: studies of the treated youth years after they completed the treatment program.  The follow-up ranges from 1 to 12 (and more) years.

  4. Implementation Settings include papers that address CMHCs, schools, and the like.

  5. The Parents section includes both a book to help parents as well as studies that examine the role of parents in treatment of youth anxiety.

  6. The Reviews section includes a few over-arching summaries of studies.

  7. The Nature of Anxiety in Youth category includes papers that review functional issues, and some comorbidities.

(1) Implementation Style


Kendall, P.C. (2024). Psychological treatment with youth: Style, informed by science. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 54, 269-278.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-024-09626-w

Kendall, P. C., Ney, J., Maxwell, C., Lehrbach, K., Jakubovic, R., McKnight, D., & Friedman, A. (2023).  Adapting CBT for youth anxiety: Flexibility, within fidelity, in different settings. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 194-.

Kendall, P. C. (2022) (Ed). Flexibility within Fidelity: Breathing Life into a Psychological Treatment Manual.  NY: Oxford University Press.

Rifkin, L., Myerberg, L., Gosch, E., Norris, L., Crane, M. & Kendall, P. C. (2022). How to bend but not break an empirically supported treatment for anxiety in youth.  In P Kendall (Ed). Flexibility within Fidelity: Breathing Life into a Psychological Treatment Manual.  NY: Oxford University Press. 

Norris, L & Kendall, P. C.  (2020). A close look into Coping Cat: Strategies within an empirically supported treatment for anxiety in youth. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy,  34, 4-20. doi: 10.1891/0889-8391.34.1.4

Kendall, P. C. & Frank, H. (2018). Implementing evidence-based treatment protocols: Flexibility within fidelity. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 25, 1-12. DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12271

Palitz, S., Carper, M., Kagan, E., Aggarwal, R., Frank, H., Davis, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2018). Addressing comorbidities when treating anxious youth. Evidence-Based Practice in Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 3, 1-15. 

Peris, T., Caporino, N., O’Rourke, S., Kendall, P. C., Walkup, J., Albano, A. M., Bergman, L., McCracken, J., Birmaher, B., Ginsburg, G., Sakolsky, D., Piacentini, J., & Compton, S. (2017).  Therapist-reported features of exposure tasks that predict differential treatment outcome for anxious youth. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56, 1043-1052.

Kendall, P. C., Makover, H., Swan, A., Carper, M., Mercado, R., Kagan, E. & Crawford, E. (2016).  What steps to take?  How to approach concerning anxiety in youth.  Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 23 ,211-229.

Peterman, J., Read, K., Wei, C, & Kendall, P. C.  (2015). The art of exposure: Putting science into practice.  Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 22, 379-392.   

Khanna, M. & Kendall, P. C. (2015). Bringing technology to training: Web-based therapist training to promote the development of competent cognitive-behavioral therapists.  Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 22, 291-301.

Cummings, C., Caporino, N., Settipani, C., Read, K., Compton, S., March, J., Sherrill, J., Piacentini, J., McCracken, J., Walkup, J., Ginsburg, G., Albano, A., Rynn, M., Birmaher, B., Sakolsky, D., Gosch, E., Keeton, C., & Kendall, P. C. (2013). The therapeutic relationship in cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy for anxious youth. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81, 859-864

Podell, J., Kendall, P. C., Gosch, E., Compton, S., March, J., Albano, A. M., Rynn, M., Walkup, J., Sherrill, J., Ginsburg, G., Keeton, C., Birmaher, B., & Piacentini, J. C. (2013).  Therapist factors and outcomes in CBT for anxiety in youth. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 44, 89-98.

Tiwari, S., Kendall, P.C., Hoff, A., Harrison, J., & Fizur, P. (2013). Characteristics of exposure sessions as predictors of treatment response in anxious youth. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 42, 34-43.

Beidas, R., Benjamin, C., Puleo, C., Edmunds, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2010).  Flexible 

applications of The Coping Cat Program for anxious youth. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 17, 142-153. [contains video]

Podell, J., Mychailyszyn, M., Edmunds, J., Puleo, C. & Kendall, P. C. (2010).  The Coping Cat Program for anxious youth: The FEAR plan comes to life. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 17, 132-141. [contains video]

Kendall, P.C., Gosch, E., Furr, J., & Sood, E. (2008).  Flexibility within fidelity.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 987-993.

Kendall, P.C., Comer, J., Marker, C., Creed, T., Puliafico, A., Hughes, A., Martin, E., Suveg, C., & Hudson, J.  (2009). In-session exposure tasks and therapeutic alliance across the treatment of childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 517-525.

Hedtke, K., Kendall, P. C., & Tiwari, S.  (2009). Safety-seeking and coping behavior during exposure tasks with anxious youth. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 38, 1-15.

Kendall, P. C. & Beidas, R. (2007). Smoothing the trail for dissemination of evidence-based practices for youth: Flexibility within fidelity. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38, 13-20.

Creed, T. & Kendall, P.C. (2005). Empirically supported therapist relationship building behavior within a cognitive-behavioral treatment of anxiety in youth. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 498-505.


Kendall, P.C., Robin, J., Hedtke, K., Suveg, C., Flannery-Schroeder, E., & Gosch, E. (2005). Considering CBT with anxious youth? Think exposures. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 12, 136-148.

Kendall, P. C. Chu, B., Gifford, A., Hayes, C. & Nauta, M. (1998). Breathing life into a manual. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 5, 177-198.

 

(2) Evaluations of Outcomes

Rabner, J., Norris, L., Olino, T., & Kendall, P. C. (2024). A comparison of telehealth and in-person therapy for youth anxiety disorders. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 1-12.

Frank, H., Kagan, E., Storch, E., Wood, J., Kerns, C., Lewin, A., Small, B. & Kendall, P. C. (2022). Accommodation of anxiety in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results from the TAASD study. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 51, 219-229.

Norris, L. & Kendall, P. C. (2021). Moderators of outcome for youth anxiety treatments: Current findings and future directions. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 50, 450-463.  

Wood, J., Kendall, P. C., Wood, K., Kerns, C., Seltzer, M., Small, B., Lewin, A., & Storch, E. (2020).  Cognitive behavioral treatments for anxiety in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Psychiatry, 77, 474-483.

Martinsen, K., Rasmussen, L., Holem. T., Sund, A., Patras, J., Kendall, P. C., Waaktaar, T., & Neumer, S. (2019). Prevention of anxiety and depression in school children: Effectiveness of the trasndiagnostic EMOTION program.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 87, 212-219. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000360  

Skriner, L., Chu, B., Kaplan, M., Bodden, D., Bogels, S., Kendall, P. C., Nauta, M., Silverman, W., Wood, J., Barker, D., de la Torre, J., Saavedra, L., & Xie, M. (2019). Trajectories and predictors of response in youth anxiety CBT: Integrative data analysis.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 87, 198-211. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000367  

Villabø, M., Narayanan, M., Compton, S., Kendall, P. C., & Neumer, S. (2018). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth anxiety: An effectiveness evaluation in community practice. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 86, 751-764. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000326

Albano, A. M., Comer, J., Compton, S., Piacentini, J., Kendall, P. C., Birmaher, B., Walkup, J., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., McCracken, J.,  Keeton, C., Sakolsky, D., & Sherrill, J. (2018). Secondary outcomes from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS): Implications for clinical practice, Evidence-Based Practice in Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 3, 30-41.

Kendall, P. C., Cummings, C., Villabo, M., Narayanan, M., Treadwell, K., Birmaher, B., Compton, S., Piacentini, J., Sherrill, J., Walkup, J., Gosch, E., Keeton, C., Ginsburg, G., Suveg, C., & Albano, A. M. (2016).  Mediators of change in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal treatment Study.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 84, 1-14.

Peterman, J., Carper, M., Elkins, R., Pincus, D, Comer, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2016).  The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for youth anxiety on sleep problems.  Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 37, 78-88. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.11.006

Wolk, C. B., Kendall, P. C., & Beidas, R. (2015). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for child anxiety confers long-term protection from suicidality. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 54, 175–179.

Peris, T., Compton, S., Kendall, P. C., Birmaher, B., Sherill, J., March, J., Gosch, E., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., McCracken, J., Keenan, C., Sakolsky, D., Suveg, C., Aschenbrand, S., Almirall, D., Iyengar, S., Walkup, J., Albano, A. Piacentini, J. (2015). Trajectories of change in youth anxiety during cognitive-behavior therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 83, 239-252.

Walkup, J., Albano, A. M., Piacentini, J., Birmaher, B., Compton, S., Sherrill, J., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., McCracken, J., Waslick, B., Iyengar, S., March, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2008). Cognitive behavioral therapy, sertraline, or a combination in childhood anxiety. New England Journal of Medicine, 359, 2753-2766.

Kendall, P. C., Hudson, J., Gosch, E., Flannery-Schroeder, E., & Suveg, C. (2008). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disordered youth: A randomized clinical trial evaluating child and family modalities. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 282-297.

Khanna, M. & Kendall, P. C. (2010). Computer-assisted cognitive-behavioral therapy for child anxiety: Results of a randomized clinical trial.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 737-745.

Kendall, P.C. & Treadwell, K. (2007). The role of self-statements as a mediator in treatment for anxiety-disordered youth. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 380-389.

Flannery-Schroeder, E., & Kendall, P. C. (2000). Group and individual cognitive-behavioral treatments for youth with anxiety disorders: A randomized clinical trial. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24, 251-278.

Kendall, P. C., Flannery-Schroeder, E., Panichelli-Mindel, S., Southam-Gerow, M., Henin, A., & Warman, M. (1997). Therapy for youths with anxiety disorders: A second randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 366-380.


Treadwell, K. R. H. & Kendall, P. C. (1996). Self-talk in anxiety-disordered youth: States-of-mind, content specificity, and treatment outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 941-950.


Kendall, P. C. (1994). Treating anxiety disorders in youth: Results of a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 100-110.

(3) Follow-up Evaluations

Makover, H., Kendall, P. C., Olino, T., Carper, M., Albano, A. M., Piacentini, J., Peris, T., Langley, A., Gonzalez, A., Ginsburg, G., Compton, S., Birmaher, B., Sakolsky, D., Keeton, C., & Walkup, J.  (2020). Mediators of youth anxiety outcomes 3 to 12 years after treatment. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 70, 102188. 

Silk, J., Price, R., Rosen, D., Ryan, N., Forbes, E., Siegle, G., Dahl, R., McMakin, D., Kendall P. C. & Ladouceur, C. (2019). A longitudinal follow-up study examining adolescent depressive symptoms as a function of prior anxiety treatment. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 58, 359-367.  doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.10.012

Keeton, C., Caporino, N., Kendall, P. C., Iyengar, S., Lee, P., Peris, T., Sakolsky, D., Piacentini, J., Compton, S., Albano, A., Birmaher, B., & Ginsburg, G. (2019). Mood and suicidality outcomes 3-11 years following pediatric anxiety disorder treatment. Depression and Anxiety, 36, 930-940. DOI: 10.1002/da.22944

Swan, A., Kendall, P. C., Olino, T., Ginsburg, G., Keeton, C., Compton, S., Piacentini, J., Peris, T., Sakolsky, D., Birmaher, B., & Albano, A. M. (2018). Results from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-term Study (CAMELS): Functional outcomes. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 86, 738-750. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000334  

Caporino, N., Herres, J., Kendall, P. C., & Wolk, C. (2016). Dysregulation in youth with anxiety disorders: Relationship to acute and 7- to 19-year follow-up outcomes of cognitive-behavioral therapy.  Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 47, 539-547

Ginsburg, G., Becker, E., Keeton, C., Sakolsky, D., Piacentini, J., Albano, A. M., Compton, S., Iyengar, S., Sullivan, K., Caporino, N., Peris, T., Birmaher, B., Rynn, M., March, J., & Kendall, P. C.  (2014). Naturalistic follow-up of youths treated for pediatric anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry (JAMA Psychiatry), 71, 310-318. DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4186

Piacentini, J., Bennett, S., Compton, S., Kendall, P. C., Birmaher, B., Albano, A., March, J., Sherril, J., Sakolsky, D., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., Bergman, R., Gosch, E., Waslick, B., McCracken, J., & Walkup, J. (2014). 24- and 36-week outcomes for the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 53, 297-310. 

Benjamin, C., Harrison, J., Settipani, C., Brodman, D., & Kendall, P.C. (2013). Anxiety and related outcomes in young adults 7 to 19 years after receiving treatment for child anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81, 865-876.

Kendall, P.C., Safford, S., Flannery-Schroeder, E., & Webb, A. (2004). Child anxiety treatment: Outcomes in adolescence and impact on substance use and depression at 7.4-year follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 276-287.

(4) Implementation Settings

Kendall P. C., Maxwell, C., Jakubovic, R., Ney, J., McKnight, D., Baker, S. (2023). CBT for youth anxiety: How does it fit within community mental health? Current Psychiatry Reports, 25, 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01403-7.

Kendall, P. C., Ney, J., Maxwell, C., Lehrbach, K., Jakubovic, R., McKnight, D., & Friedman, A. (2023).  Adapting CBT for youth anxiety: Flexibility, within fidelity, in different settings. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 194-.

Conroy, K. Grief-Green, J., Phillips, K., Poznanski, B., Coxe, S., Kendall, P. C. & Comer, J. (2022). School-based accommodations and supports for anxious youth: Benchmarking reported practices against expert perspectives, Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 51, 419-427.

(5) Parents

Khanna, M. & Kendall, P. C. (2021). The Resilience Recipe: A Parent’s Guide to Raising Fearless Kids in the Age of Anxiety. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.

Kendall, P. C., Norris, L., Rabner, J., Crane, M., & Rifkin, L. (2020). Intolerance of uncertainty and parental accommodation: Promising targets for personalized intervention for youth anxiety. Current Psychiatry Reports, 22, 345-. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-01170-3

Kagan, E., Frank, H. & Kendall, P. C. (2018). Accommodation in youths’ mental health: Evidence and issues.  Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27, 227-232.

Kagan, E. R., Frank, H. E., & Kendall, P. C. (2017). Accommodation in youth with OCD and anxiety. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 24, 78–98. doi:10.1111/ cpsp.12186

Khanna, M., Carper, M., Harris, M., & Kendall, P. C. (2017). Web-based parent-training for parents of youth with impairment from anxiety. Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2, 43-53.

Schleider, J., Ginsburg, G., Keeton, C., Weisz, J., Birmaher, B., Kendall, P. C., Piacentini, J., Sherrill, J., & Walkup, J. (2015). Parental psychopathology and treatment outcome for anxious youth: Roles of family functioning and caregiver strain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 83, 213-224.

Manassis, K., Lee, T. C., Bennett, K., Zhao, X., Mendlowitz, S., Duda, S., Saini, M., Wilansky, P., Baer, S., Barrett, P., Bodden, D., Cobham, V., Dadds, M., Flannery-Schroeder, E., Ginsburg, G., Heyne, D., Hudson, J., Kendall, P. C., Liber, J., Warner, C. M., Nauta, M., Rapee, R., Silverman, W., Siqueland, L., Spence, S., Utens, E., & Wood, J. (2014).  Types of parental involvement in CBT with anxious youth: A preliminary meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82, 1163-1172.

Khanna, M. & Kendall, P. C. (2009).  Exploring the role of parent training in the cognitive-behavioral treatment of anxiety disorders in youth.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 981-986.

Barmish, A. & Kendall, P. C. (2005). Should parents be co-clients in cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxious youth? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 569-581.

(6) Reviews

Rapee, R., Creswell, C., Kendall, P. C., Pine, D. & Waters, A. (2023).  Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: A review of the literature.  Behaviour Research and Therapy, 168, 104376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2023.104376  

Kendall, P. C., & Peterman, J.  (2015). CBT for anxious adolescents: Mature yet still developing. American Journal of Psychiatry, 172, 519-530.

Kendall, P. C. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral therapies with youth: Guiding theory, current status, and emerging developments. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 235-247.

(7) Nature of Anxiety in Youth

Swan, A. & Kendall, P. C. (2016). Fear and missing out:  Youth anxiety and functional outcomes. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 23, 417-435.

Cummings, C., Caporino, N., & Kendall, P. C. (2014). Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 816-845.

Kerns, C., Kendall, P. C., Berry, L., Souders, M., Franklin, M., Schultz, R., Miller, J. & Herrington, J. (2014). Traditional and atypical presentations of anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44, 2851-2861.

Comer, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2007). Terrorism: The psychological impact on youth. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 14, 179-212.

Kendall, P. C. (Ed). (2006). Child and adolescent therapy: Cognitive-behavioral procedures (3rd ed.) New York: Guilford Press.